What motivated Portugal to engage in the Indian Ocean trade network?

• A. To establish military dominance
• B. To explore new territories
• C. To make a profit from diverse products being traded
• D. To spread Christianity

Answer: (C)

Portugal's motivation to engage in the Indian Ocean trade network was primarily driven by the desire to make a profit from the diverse products being traded. During the Age of Exploration, Portugal sought access to lucrative commodities such as spices, silks, and precious metals that were highly sought after in European markets. The spice trade, in particular, was a major factor, as spices were essential for preserving food and enhancing flavors, making them extremely valuable.

By establishing trade routes and outposts along the Indian Ocean, Portuguese traders aimed to bypass established overland routes controlled by other empires and directly access the sources of these goods. This strategic approach not only opened up new opportunities for wealth but also allowed Portugal to control and monopolize trade in certain regions, further increasing their profits. The combination of economic gain and the potential to outmaneuver other European powers was central to Portugal’s engagement in the Indian Ocean trade network.